Capacite, permission, possibilite — tout comprendre
1. Pas de "to" apres CAN : I can swim (jamais "I can to swim")
2. Pas de "s" a la 3e personne : She can play (jamais "she cans")
3. Pas d'auxiliaire pour la negation/question : Can you help? (jamais "do you can")
4. Pas de forme -ing : on ne dit jamais "canning" ou "to can" (verbe modal)
| Forme | Structure | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| Affirmative | sujet + can + verbe base | I can speak French. |
| Negative | sujet + cannot / can't + verbe base | I can't swim. |
| Question | Can + sujet + verbe base ? | Can you help me? |
| Reponse courte | Yes, I can. / No, I can't. | Can you drive? — Yes, I can. |
Exprimer ce qu'on sait faire ou ce qu'on est capable de faire :
| Exemple | Traduction |
|---|---|
| I can speak three languages. | Je sais parler trois langues. |
| She can play the piano very well. | Elle sait tres bien jouer du piano. |
| He can't cook at all. | Il ne sait pas du tout cuisiner. |
| Can you ride a bicycle? | Sais-tu faire du velo ? |
Demander ou donner la permission de faire quelque chose :
| Exemple | Traduction | Registre |
|---|---|---|
| Can I use your phone? | Est-ce que je peux utiliser ton telephone ? | Informel |
| You can leave early today. | Tu peux partir tot aujourd'hui. | Courant |
| You can't park here. | Vous ne pouvez pas vous garer ici. | Interdiction |
| Can we sit here? | Peut-on s'asseoir ici ? | Informel |
Exprimer ce qui est possible dans certaines circonstances :
| Exemple | Traduction |
|---|---|
| It can get very cold in January. | Il peut faire tres froid en janvier. |
| Learning a language can be challenging. | Apprendre une langue peut etre difficile. |
| The traffic can be terrible at rush hour. | La circulation peut etre terrible aux heures de pointe. |
| Exemple | Traduction | Registre |
|---|---|---|
| Can you open the window? | Peux-tu ouvrir la fenetre ? | Informel |
| Can you pass me the salt? | Peux-tu me passer le sel ? | Courant |
| Can you help me with this? | Peux-tu m'aider avec ca ? | Courant |
| Exemple | Traduction |
|---|---|
| Can I help you? | Est-ce que je peux vous aider ? |
| I can drive you to the station. | Je peux te conduire a la gare. |
| We can meet tomorrow if you prefer. | Nous pouvons nous voir demain si vous preferez. |
CAN n'a pas de forme passee. On utilise COULD ou was/were able to :
| Present (CAN) | Passe (COULD / was able to) |
|---|---|
| I can swim. | I could swim when I was five. |
| She can speak Italian. | She could speak Italian as a child. |
| I can see the mountains. | I was able to see the mountains from there. |
| Present | Futur |
|---|---|
| I can come tomorrow. | I will be able to come next week. |
| She can't attend. | She won't be able to attend. |
Completez avec can, can't, could, ou be able to :
1. She play the guitar — she's very talented. (present, capacite)
2. I borrow your pen? (present, permission)
3. When I was a child, I climb trees easily. (passe, capacite generale)
4. I hope I will attend the meeting. (futur)
5. You smoke in this building. (present, interdiction)