Tableau comparatif complet - Cabinet Action
| Critere | Will | Going to | Present Continuous |
|---|---|---|---|
| Formation | S + will + BV | S + am/is/are going to + BV | S + am/is/are + V-ing |
| Negation | S + won't + BV | S + am/is/are not going to + BV | S + am/is/are not + V-ing |
| Question | Will + S + BV? | Am/Is/Are + S + going to + BV? | Am/Is/Are + S + V-ing? |
| Decision | Spontanee (au moment de parler) | Deja prise (avant le moment de parler) | Confirmee (avec date/lieu/heure) |
| Prediction | Basee sur opinion/experience | Basee sur des preuves visibles | Non applicable |
| Degre de certitude | Moyen a faible | Eleve (preuve ou intention ferme) | Tres eleve (fixe, organise) |
| Registre | Tous registres | Tous registres (informel a l'oral : "gonna") | Tous registres |
| Forme | Structure | Usage principal | Marqueur temporel typique |
|---|---|---|---|
| Will | will + BV | Prediction, promesse, decision spontanee | tomorrow, next week, probably, I think |
| Going to | be going to + BV | Intention, prediction sur preuves | tonight, this weekend, look! |
| Present continuous | be + V-ing | Plan fixe, rendez-vous confirme | at 3 pm, on Monday, this evening |
| Future continuous | will be + V-ing | Action en cours a un moment futur | this time tomorrow, at 8 pm |
| Future perfect | will have + PP | Action accomplie avant un moment futur | by next Friday, by the time, by 2030 |
| Future perfect continuous | will have been + V-ing | Duree d'une action jusqu'a un point futur | by June, I will have been working for 5 years |
Collegue : "The printer isn't working."
Vous : "I'll call IT right now." (decision spontanee = will)
Vous (5 min plus tard) : "I'm meeting the IT guy at 2 pm." (rendez-vous fixe = present continuous)
Vous : "He said he's going to replace the toner." (intention = going to)
Manager : "Who can present the Q3 results?"
Vous : "I'll do it." (volontariat spontane = will)
Manager : "Great. By Friday, you will have prepared the slides." (accompli avant une echeance = future perfect)
Vous : "Yes. I'm working on them tomorrow morning." (plan fixe = present continuous)
Ami : "What are your plans for the weekend?"
Vous : "I'm having dinner with Sarah on Saturday." (plan confirme = present continuous)
Ami : "And Sunday?"
Vous : "I'm going to clean the house." (intention = going to)
Ami : "Do you want to see a movie in the evening?"
Vous : "Sure, I'll check what's on." (decision instantanee = will)
| Conjonction | Forme dans la subordonnee | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| if | Present simple | If you come, I'll be happy. |
| when | Present simple | When she arrives, we'll start. |
| as soon as | Present simple | As soon as I finish, I'll call. |
| before | Present simple | Before they leave, I'll say goodbye. |
| after | Present simple | After we eat, we'll go for a walk. |
| until | Present simple | I'll wait until you get here. |
Regle d'or : La proposition principale peut utiliser will, mais la subordonnee de temps utilise TOUJOURS le present simple. Cette regle n'existe pas en francais, d'ou les erreurs frequentes des francophones.
| Expression | Forme du futur | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| be about to | Action imminente | The meeting is about to start. |
| be due to | Prevu / programme | The train is due to arrive at 5 pm. |
| be on the verge of | Sur le point de | She is on the verge of quitting. |
| be likely to | Probabilite | He is likely to accept the offer. |
| be bound to | Certitude | They are bound to win. |