30 Verbes irreguliers essentiels : les 3 formes

Partie 1 : Verbes a 3 formes differentes (V1 ≠ V2 ≠ V3)

Ces verbes sont les plus delicats car chaque forme est unique. C'est ici que la confusion preterit/participe passe est la plus frequente.

Base (V1)	Preterit (V2)	Part. passe (V3)	Traduction
go	went	gone	aller
see	saw	seen	voir
take	took	taken	prendre
write	wrote	written	ecrire
speak	spoke	spoken	parler
break	broke	broken	casser
choose	chose	chosen	choisir
eat	ate	eaten	manger
give	gave	given	donner
drive	drove	driven	conduire
know	knew	known	savoir
fly	flew	flown	voler
begin	began	begun	commencer
do	did	done	faire
drink	drank	drunk	boire
swim	swam	swum	nager
ring	rang	rung	sonner
sing	sang	sung	chanter
throw	threw	thrown	lancer
grow	grew	grown	grandir

Partie 2 : Verbes ou V2 = V3 (preterit et participe passe identiques)

Bonne nouvelle : pour ces verbes, pas de confusion possible entre preterit et participe passe.

Base (V1)	Preterit (V2)	Part. passe (V3)	Traduction
buy	bought	bought	acheter
think	thought	thought	penser
find	found	found	trouver
make	made	made	fabriquer
send	sent	sent	envoyer
build	built	built	construire
feel	felt	felt	ressentir
keep	kept	kept	garder
leave	left	left	partir
tell	told	told	raconter

Astuce Cabinet Action : Regroupez vos verbes par familles de formes pour les memoriser plus vite. Les verbes en -ow/-ew/-own (grow/grew/grown, know/knew/known, throw/threw/thrown) suivent le meme patron. Les verbes en -ink/-ank/-unk (drink/drank/drunk, sink/sank/sunk) aussi. Reperer ces patterns accelere considerablement la memorisation.

Exercices d'application

Completez avec le preterit (V2) ou le participe passe (V3)

1. I ______ (see) that film yesterday. → saw (preterit)

2. She has ______ (write) three reports today. → written (PP)

3. They ______ (go) to London in 2019. → went (preterit)

4. The letter was ______ (send) yesterday. → sent (PP - passif)

5. Have you ever ______ (eat) sushi? → eaten (PP)

6. We ______ (begin) the meeting at 9 AM. → began (preterit)

7. He has ______ (speak) to the director. → spoken (PP)

8. The window was ______ (break) by the storm. → broken (PP - passif)

9. She ______ (buy) a new car last month. → bought (preterit)

10. I have ______ (know) him for ten years. → known (PP)

Retrouvez la forme demandee

1. Participe passe de "fly" : → flown

2. Preterit de "choose" : → chose

3. Participe passe de "drive" : → driven

4. Preterit de "grow" : → grew

5. Participe passe de "drink" : → drunk

Rappel de la methode P.A.S.T. :
Poser la question "quand ?" — marqueur temporel precis = preterit
Analyser le lien avec le present — resultat actuel = present perfect + PP
Selectionner la bonne forme — V2 seul ou V3 avec auxiliaire
Tester en reformulant la phrase